Which of the following is a common food allergen?

Peanuts are recognized as a common food allergen because they can trigger serious allergic reactions in a significant portion of the population. Peanut allergies are particularly prevalent, especially in children, and symptoms can range from mild reactions such as hives and stomach issues to more severe responses like anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening.

The other foods listed—rice, potatoes, and bananas—are generally considered to be low in allergenic potential and are not as frequently associated with food allergies. While it is possible for individuals to be allergic to any food, the prevalence and severity of peanut allergies place them in a unique category among common food allergens, resulting in considerable awareness and caution in food preparation and labeling practices.